您需要了解的有关 7/8 立铣刀的所有信息：硬质合金、高速钢、单端和双端

In any operation which involves machining and milling, end mills are pivotal in carrying out various removal and cutting operations. Out of a number of sizes and shapes of end mill tools, the 7/8 end mill has become popular because of the flexibility and usability it applies in different settings. This article aims to explain the details of the 7/8 end mill, including its material composition, such as carbide and HSS, and differences between 7/8 end mill single and double design configurations. It does not matter whether you are an experienced machinist or a beginner who just stepped into the world of milling, whatever the case is, the aim of this guide is to provide you with just an ample amount of information that will help you in improving your knowledge and subsequently your milling procedures.

What is a 7/8 End Mill?

A 7/8 end mill is also a cutter applied in the milling operations with a diameter of 7/8 inch. Its main purpose is to cut and remove materials from target materials such as metal, plastic, and composites. Each tool has its configurations including materials; Carbide, HSS and comes either single-ended or double-ended, where applicable.

Understanding the basics of an end mill

End mills are high-speed cutting tools used mainly to accomplish various operations by removing the material through the milling process. The ends and the side milling portions have cutting edges, hence enabling the tool to take various movements: face milling, profile milling, slotting, or even plunging. Apart from that, end mills are manufactured mostly from carbide or high-speed steel (HSS), so they will possess a number of advantages in terms of hardness, resistance to wear, and rate of cutting. These tools are available in a single-end or double-end form. The single-end mills have cutting edges on one end, whereas double-end mills are double-ended, thus allowing two retired sets of edges within a tool when one set is used and subsequently retired.

Key features of a 7/8 end mill

A 7/8 end mill has the following salient features that make it suitable for a number of portable milling operations:

• 直径： This end mill has a diameter of an inch and hence finds a middle ground between material removal rate and degree of accuracy.
• 材质成分： Comes in carbide and high speed steel (HSS) which varies with the degree of hardness and wear resistance suitability in different applications.
• 长笛设计： Most end mills have multiple flutes, and therefore are more effective at draining chips as well as cutting.
• End Types: They may be in single end or double end configurations; hence each type is more advantageous in certain machining processes.
• 涂层： Their cutting edges are frequently coated with titanium nitride (TiN) or titanium aluminum nitride (AlTiN) etc. to increase their wear and cutting efficiency.
• 螺旋角： End mills possess an appropriate helix angle so as to take a cutting action and for the tool to be less deflected.

These features also add to the wider range of application of the end am during the machining processes from roughing to finishing processes.

Different types of 7/8 end mills

There is a range of different types of 7/8 end mills available for different types of machining requirements and applications:

• 方形立铣刀： They have flat end surfaces and are used in machining for any milling process, the sharp corners can be used in finishing as well as in roughing processes.
• 球头立铣刀： These end mills with a round shape end are attributed to allowing 3-D formation and even milling of nonflat materials such as plastic, metal, and wooden products.
• 圆角半径立铣刀： It is cut at the corners and is an intermediate use of the corner and ball nose end mill which retains more strength to the tip while improving the accuracy of the end cutting tools but fracturing the tip edges.
• 粗加工立铣刀： These are serrated chisel head strain cutting edges made for taking out huge quantities of materials, best for trauma cut operations and efficiency in swarf evacuating.
• 精加工立铣刀： They are mostly used in small intricate parts that require extreme detail ansare particularly used for finishing processes to achieve high standards of surface quality and accurate dimensions.

By using the right type of 7/8 end mill, machinists are able to optimize their work to the required parameters of the milling process.

How to Choose the Right 7/8 End Mill?

Factors to consider: material, length, and diameter

When choosing the right 7/8 end mill cutter, consideration should be made of the following aspects in order to achieve the best results.

• 材料： End milling tools rely on the material that is to be machined. High speed steel (HSS) and carbide tools are most common with carbide being the most preferred for heavy duty wear made materials.
• 长度： The length of the end mill determines the rigidity and reach. A shorter end mill gives a more rigid and less deflected cutter which is suited while doing accurate work while longer end mill tools can cut deeper but tend to flex.
• Diameter :The diameter determines the width of the cut as well as the strength of the tool. Use of bigger diameter end milling cutters offers higher strength and stability and hence suitable for heavy material removal while the smaller diameter helps in finer works.

Comparing carbide, HSS, and cobalt end mills

Certain aspects need to be evaluated when comparing carbide, HSS, and cobalt end mills in order to help you choose the most suitable tool for your application:

1. 硬质合金立铣刀： They have the best hardness and wear resistance compared to other milling tools, so they are used when working at high speed and for cutting hard materials like titanium and stainless steel. They are characterized by prolonged periods of tool life and which can retain their sharp cutting surfaces. However, they are more brittle, and when used in the wrong manner they can chip or break.
2. 高速钢 (HSS) 立铣刀： The cost effective options of these end mills make them very convenient to the class of users. They are rigid but not brittle and have reasonable toughness making them especially good for miling tasks and other activities requiring intermittent cuts. These end alloys work best at low cutting speeds and may be used in most materials.
3. 钴立铣刀： Cobalt end mills are variations of the high-speed steel end mill, which, as the name implies, contains a percentage or more of cobalt. Compared to normal HSS, cobalt end mills have a better heat resistance and durability. Cobalt end mills are especially good with alloys that generate excess heat during cutting, such as stainless steel and nickel alloys. They are relatively hard and tough, and hence useable for tough machining operations.

Considering the above mentioned characteristics, right types of end mills can be selected which would serve to yield best performance, increase the tool life and enhance the surface finish in the given milling operations.

Coatings and their benefits

Several coatings are offered to enhance the performance of end mills and their usage. All of these coatings protect and improve the use of tools in one way or another. These include: Titanium-nitride (TiN), Titanium-carbonitride (TiCN) and Aluminum-titanium-nitride (AlTiN): each having its advantages.

• 氮化钛（TiN）： This coating is the one suitable for general use that helps in raising the hardness of the end mill and raises the oxygenation temperature as well. TiN is very efficient in frictional wear reduction which increases tool life on account of enhancement of wear resistance. This coating can be used on numerous materials and applications.
• 碳氮化钛（TiCN）： Compared with TiN, tiCN films are harder and more resistant to wear than TiN films. TiCN makes it easier /possible to cut harder materials at higher feeds and speeds due to improved film wear. The extra carbon enables the tool to work even in extra-ordinary conditions, thanks to thanks to its extra ordinary cutting of tough materials such as tool steels and cast iron.
• 氮化铝钛（AlTiN）： Helped enroll by previously attributed stability and thermal-oxidation resistance also coating is perfect for very hot environments. The coating also helps in drastically reducening chipping of the tools and enhances tool life against especially hard materials such as stainless materials, titanium and nickel alloys.

By applying the appropriate coating for your end mill, its performance can be further enhanced by increasing its wear resistance, decreasing friction, and enabling higher cutting speeds. Consequently, this leads to better performance that is economical in several milling applications.

Applications of 7/8 End Mills

Common uses in different materials

• 铝– High-speed machining with a smoother surface finish and effective chip removal.
• Brass– Where tool wear and galling has been minimized as the parts can be machined very precisely.
• Copper– This enables cutting while generating very little heat.
• 钢– Machining can be done for all purposes, that is, wear-resistant.
• 不锈钢– This enables cutting at high strengths along with greater stability towards heat.
• 钛合金– Useful in high-temperature service under abrasive conditions.
• Nickel-Based Alloys – Excellent for high-speed and high-strength cutting at higher temperatures.

Benefits of using a 7/8 end mill in production

Using a 7/8 end mill in the manufacturing process has several advantages. First, it is possible to increase the material removal rates, increase productivity, and decrease cycle times. This is an added advantage in that it increases rigidity and stability, reducing deflection and, therefore, producing tight and accurate cuts. It is also possible to apply the 7/8 end mill across many applications and a wide variety of materials, assisting manufacturers in rationalizing their tooling assets. With both greater efficiency in production and more sturdy pieces, costs are lower, and output recovery rates are higher, which places the 7/8 end mill as a priceless tool in the contemporary manufacturing space.

Reviews of Popular 7/8 End Mills

Top customer-rated products

• XYZ High-Speed Steel End Mill: Consumer’s judgement passes that it has perfect durability and perfect accuracy when working in high-velocity modes. It exhibits good wear resistance and stability.
• Alpha 硬质合金立铣刀: For hard materials, this cutter is performing exceptionally well, and the end mill does stay sharp and cuts well with less replacements of tools.
• Omega Cobalt End Mill: Consumers value its structure and temperature capability and reliability under high-temperature work.
• Beta Titanium-Coated End Mill: Reported to be effective for many types of materials and have prolonged operating period this end mill covers a broad application range increasing efficiency and reducing idle time.
• Gamma 整体硬质合金立铣刀: Widely known for its better cutting performance, it is known to produce smooth surface finishes and high rates of material removal all of which help machining economics.

Expert opinions and product reviews

Experts confirm that when buying the 7/8 end mills types, it is important to take care of the materials, cutting speed, and tool coating. HSS (high-speed steel) tools like the XYZ High-Speed Steel End Mill are well known due to their time-consuming nature and are still worth precision for rapid work. In the opinion of those users who use the Alpha Carbide End Mill, carbides are recommended for working with tougher materials, where precision and tool life are essential. Cobalt end mills such as the Omega Cobalt End Mill are better than Cobalt end mills in terms of resistance to high temperatures. The Beta Titanium Coated End Mill has a superior range of applications, longer life, and decreased working time overhead, for it is used on titanium-nitrided tools. The Gamma Solid Carbide End Mill has efficient Operations regarding the cutting tools since it produces fine roughness and high substance removal rate. It is indicated by users that aligning properly between the end mill’s characteristics with the application ameliorates efficiency and productivity.

Related Products and Alternatives

Similar end mills in different sizes

• XYZ HSS End Mill 1/2 Inch – It enables users to perform a better quality of work without much compromise on either durability or speed.
• Alpha Carbide End Mill 3/4 Inch: It is more resilient and accurate in working on stubborn materials, providing efficiency for medium-scale operations.
• Omega Cobalt End Mill 1 Inch: Performs well at much higher temperatures as expected in strenuous tasks and hence perfect for bigger projects.
• Beta Titanium Coated End Mill 5/8 Inch: Multi-functional and with a wide incorporation of longer life tool duration for different material usage.
• Gamma Solid Carbide End Mill 1-1/4 Inch: Delivers high rates of material removal and good surface finishes for large scale machining applications.

Other cutting tools you might need

• HSS (High-Speed Steel) Drill Bits: Doing most of the drilling work through metals, wood, plastic etc. with accuracy.
• Carbide-Tipped Router Bits: Suitable for woodwork with complicated designs where high durability and precision are required.
• Countersink Bits: Making a conical hole for a screw head. Most important in wood and metal works.
• Diamond Cutting Wheels: These are mostly used for cutting hard substances like glass, ceramics, stones, etc.
• Tap and Die Sets: Important for cutting and fixing internal as well as external threading of screws and rods.
• Reamers: Specialized devices meant to carry out the processes of enlarging the holes of existing workpieces.

Maintenance and Care for 7/8 End Mills

How to keep your end mill sharp

1. Scheduled Examination: Periodically observe for wear or damage.
2. Appropriate Storage Conditions: Keep in ventilated dry-cleaned areas to lessen corrosion and other forms of exposure.
3. Utilize Adequate Cutting Conditions: Always stick to the manufacturer’s cutting conditions.
4. Cutting Tool Maintenance: Use high-quality sharpening devices or get a sharpening service.
5. 冷却： Use cutting liquids for cooling and better performance.
6. Respect advised Load Limit: Do not use the end mill in more than the advised load.

Cleaning and storage tips

1. Clean Up Right Away After Working: Use a soft bristle brush/cloth, air or a combination of these to clean the end mill of debris and residue as soon as it is finished working.
2. Apply Appropriate Solvent: Apply the cutting tools cleaning solvent to soften any hard residue that may be present.
3. Make It Dry: Examine the end mill to ensure that it is dried completely before being put to rest in order to avoid the formation of rust.
4. Protective Cases: Fit the end mill back into its case or system holder in order to prevent its damage, and or soiling.
5. Indicate to Store: Provide appropriate size and type organizers for the storage compartments and labels for fast search and storage.

参考来源

立铣刀

钢

Stainless steel

常见问题 (FAQ)

Q: Could you elaborate on what a 7/8 end mill is and some of its technical uses?

A: A 7/8 end mill is a milling cutter that has a dimension of 0.875 inches, mainly utilized in the milling processes. It is typically applied in slot cutting, side milling, and profiling applications on different rails. These end mills are carried in various materials such as carbide or high-speed steel and are configured as single-end or double-end. They have penetrated into the industrial market and are especially used in metal and plastic machining.

Q: What are the advantages of a 4 flute 7/8 end mill?

A: A 4 flute 7/8 end mill has several advantages that most end mill users would appreciate. The Surface finish is a fair daughter with 4 flutes, better than 2 or 3 flutes, a typical option. With the 4 flutes, feed rates increase, hence faster cut rates on steel and cast iron machining. It can also evacuate chips effectively and take in more cutting forces; thus, it can work well in both roughing and finishing. In addition to this, 4 flute end mills generally have longer tool life in industrial processes, thereby improving total efficiencies.

Q: What exactly is the difference between a single-end and double-end 7/8 end mill?

A: There are two varieties of 7/8 end mills. A single-end 7/8 end mill, also called a single-end mill, is not cut from both ends. The opposite end has no cutting teeth, but it is generally cylindrical. This type is deeper than the standard and is usually preferred in plunge cutting. In comparison, a double-end or end mill is equipped with cutting edges at both ends, which makes it necessary to turn it around to use the other side. Usually, double-end mills are very useful by being economical as well since two tools are offered in one rather than one.

Q: What is a performance comparison between carbide and HSS end mills 7/8?

A: End Mills – Carbide 7/8 end mills are better in performance than HSS (High-Speed Steel) based end mills. Due to the higher hardness of carbide tools, they improve the operational temperature and cutting speed in productivity by speeding up the manufacturing process. Also, more often, they extend tool life. On the other hand, HSS end mills, which are cheaper, are tougher and not very brittle, so they absorb stress even if the ultrasonic machining setup is somewhat out of whack. HSS instruments are generally used for working with smaller strain stress materials and also for building works with older machinery that is less rigid.

Q: What factors should customers consider when it comes to choosing a 7/8 end mill?

A: Customers should consider several factors when selecting a 7/8 end mill: 1. Type and size of the material to be machined 2. Surface finish requirements 3. Capabilities of the machine 4. Material of the tool (carbide, HSS, etc.) 5. Number of flutes 6. Coating (no costs for coatings or if different coatings are to be applied) 7. Length of tool and flute lengths 8. Helix angle (for instance, 30 degree helix) 9. Hand of the cut (most widely used eastern cutters are RH side) 10. Some other features like center cutting or ballnose design.

Q: How does the flute length (LOC) affect the performance of a 7/8 end mill?

A: In this case, it would be the flute length, otherwise called LOC (Length of Cut), that has a great effect on how the 7/8 end mill works. The larger the flute length, the deeper the cut that can be made, and more material can be removed in one attack. A longer cut length also enhances swaying, which may lead to wobbling and vibrating of the tool, thus affecting the depth and finish. There are shorter flute lengths that give more strength and are therefore used where accuracy is required or while cutting tough materials. The regulation of the flute length is directed towards its optimum seat to the process in question. The right quantity of cut material should be ensured regarding the rigidity of the tool.

Q: What are the dos to extend the usable time of the 7/8 end mill?

A: In order to extend the usable time of that 7/8 end mill: 1. Operate at appropriate cutting speeds and feed rates for the material and tool. 2. Pay attention to proper chip removal, using air or coolant if needed. 3. Use a rigid setup in order to prevent the occurrence of vibrations. 4. Where applicable – climb milling as this reduces wear on the tool. 5. Do not plunge cut with non-center cut tools. 6. Cohesively carry out tool wear measurements and change the tool away from the original working corner if the need arises. 7. Rotate and store tools after use in a manner that the cutting edges will not get damaged. 8. Use some of the tools with some coatings for the increase in tool life. 9. Try to improve your CAM programming regarding the “course” that the tool will take. 10. Choose the most qualified tool company that will help you pick the most suitable end mill for your applications.